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Wanuku Pampa or Wanuku Marka (hispanicized spellings and names ''Huánuco Pampa, Huánuco Viejo, Huánuco Marca'') is an archaeological site in Peru in the Huánuco Region, Dos de Mayo Province, La Unión District.〔(naya.org.ar ) "Wanuku Pampa Inka Llaqta" (Wanuku Pampa Inca Site)〕 The site lies on a plain above the Urqumayu valley in the North Central Highlands of Peru.〔Morris,Thompson p.344〕 Wanuku Pampa is one of the many administrative centers which is built along the highland Inca highway between Cusco and Quito. The land administrated at least, and perhaps many more, ethnic groups.〔D'Altroy pg. 251〕〔Morris,Thompson p.345〕 The city is located very close to the Motagua River, which is an important commercial trade route and sits on top of a plateau with ravines on all sides in order to allow easy defense of the city. Wanuku Pampa fell in the 1520s when Pedro de Alvarado sieged the city and burnt it to the ground.〔Gasco p.640〕 ==Site Layout and Architecture== This Inca center was designed after what is called the ''Architecture of Power''. The ''Architecture of Power'' is the concept where buildings and spaces are intended to reinforce the image of the empire's might. At Wanuku Pampa the plaza measured 550m by 350m, that is about 19ha or almost 30 city blocks.〔D'Altroy Pg. 241〕 The Pyramidal platform that was invariably erected in the center of the plaza or to one side of it was a stage from which officials could preside over state ceremonies. The imperial highway typically took a southeast-to-northwest passage through the plaza, just as it did in Cusco. The City covered about 2 km2, within which more than 4,000 buildings were erected. Pathways radiate out through architectural sectors from an immense rectangular plaza, so that the city can easily be divided up to 12 parts. Dr. Eduard Craig Morris believes that this design may have been a reflection of the relationships among the ethnic groups of the area.〔D'Altroy Pg. 249〕 Much of the occupants of the land were not there to live permanently but rather many of them went in and out of the area to fulfill their duties or participate in ceremonial functions. Wanuku Pampa is one of at least six sites that were called ''New Cuscos,'' built in the conceptual, if not actual, image of the capital.〔D'Altroy Pg. 241〕 Roads Throughout Wanuku Pampa there is a road that goes through this city. The road is man made and extends throughout different countries, and does not just go through the country of Peru. The roads that go through Wanuku Pampa featured extended paved surfaces, paved staircases, stone drainage channels, retention walls, bridges and causeways. In some areas, the paved highway was 15m wide and one paved staircase was 16m wide, while two roads ran parallel along some stretches.〔D'Altroy Pg. 253〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Wanuku Pampa」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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